1. Electronic Mail (Email)
Answer: Electronic Mail (Email) is a digital communication method that allows users to send and receive messages, documents, and files over the internet or computer networks. It operates through email clients (like Outlook) or webmail services (like Gmail), using protocols such as SMTP for sending and POP3/IMAP for receiving messages.
2. Social Networking Websites
Answer: Social networking websites are online platforms that enable users to create profiles, connect with others, share content, and interact through various communication tools. Examples include Facebook for general networking, LinkedIn for professional connections, Twitter for short updates, and Instagram for photo/video sharing. They facilitate virtual communities based on interests, relationships, or activities.
3. Network Topology
Answer: Network topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of computers, cables, and other components in a computer network. Common topologies include:
- Star Topology: All devices connected to a central hub/switch
- Bus Topology: All devices connected to a single backbone cable
- Ring Topology: Devices connected in a circular chain
- Mesh Topology: Each device connected to multiple other devices
4. Input and Output Devices
Answer:
- Input Devices: Hardware components that send data to a computer for processing. Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone, Webcam.
- Output Devices: Hardware components that receive and display/process data from a computer. Examples: Monitor, Printer, Speakers, Projector.
5. Read Only Memory (ROM)
Answer: Read Only Memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile computer memory that stores permanent data and instructions. Unlike RAM, ROM retains its contents even when the computer is powered off. It typically contains firmware (like BIOS) and cannot be easily modified by users. Types include PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM.
6. Creating, Renaming, and Deleting Folders
Answer:
- Creating: Right-click → New → Folder → Type name → Enter
- Renaming: Right-click folder → Rename → Type new name → Enter
- Deleting: Right-click folder → Delete (goes to Recycle Bin) or Shift+Delete (permanent)
7. Printers, Scanners, Fax Machines, and Inkjet
Answer:
- Printer: Output device that produces physical copies of digital documents
- Scanner: Input device that converts physical documents into digital format
- Fax Machine: Device that transmits scanned documents via telephone lines
- Inkjet Printer: A type of printer that creates images by spraying microscopic ink droplets onto paper
8. Difference between 3G and 4G Technology
Answer:
| Aspect | 3G Technology | 4G Technology |
|---|---|---|
| Speed | Up to 2 Mbps | 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps |
| Technology | CDMA-based | IP-based (LTE/WiMAX) |
| Primary Use | Voice calls + basic data | High-speed data + HD streaming |
| Latency | Higher latency | Lower latency |
| Features | Video calling, mobile internet | HD video streaming, VoIP, gaming |
9. Dot Matrix and Laser Printer
Answer:
| Feature | Dot Matrix Printer | Laser Printer |
|---|---|---|
| Technology | Impact printing using pins | Electrostatic photography using toner |
| Speed | Slow (30-550 characters/sec) | Fast (pages per minute) |
| Quality | Low resolution, noisy | High resolution, quiet |
| Cost | Low initial cost, expensive ribbons | Higher initial cost, cheaper per page |
| Best For | Multi-part forms, invoices | Office documents, high-volume printing |